IB Chemistry · R3.4 · HL

R3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions (HL)

15 revision questions with answers for R3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions (HL). Read them here, or play the set as a class game on the projector. Free to host, and students join with a code.

A question from this set

Species that accepts an electron pair to form a coordination bond?

  • Lewis base
  • Brønsted–Lowry acid
  • Lewis acidRight answer
  • Nucleophile
From R3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions (HL), 15 questions.

What this set covers

Mechanisms at HL: Lewis acids and bases, heterolytic fission, curly arrows, Sₙ1 and Sₙ2 mechanisms and their rate equations, Markovnikov's rule for propene with HBr, and the nitration of benzene through the nitronium ion.

Common mix-up
Students often assume Sₙ1 and Sₙ2 give the same stereochemistry: Sₙ2 inverts the configuration at a chiral carbon, while Sₙ1 goes through a carbocation intermediate.
Revision tip
Draw curly arrows for one Sₙ2 step and the nitration of benzene, then state the rate equation and the slow step for each.

All 15 questions and answers

  1. Species that accepts an electron pair to form a coordination bond?

    Answer: Lewis acid

  2. Atom that donates the lone pair in BF₃ + NH₃ → F₃B–NH₃?

    Answer: Nitrogen

  3. Bond breaking in which both electrons go to one fragment?

    Answer: Heterolytic fission

  4. What a curly arrow shows in a reaction mechanism?

    Answer: Electron pair movement

  5. Rate equation for the Sₙ2 reaction of RBr with OH⁻?

    Answer: rate = k[RBr][OH⁻]

  6. Type of halogenoalkane that reacts mainly by Sₙ1?

    Answer: Tertiary

  7. Intermediate formed in an Sₙ1 reaction?

    Answer: Carbocation

  8. Effect of an Sₙ2 reaction on the configuration at a chiral carbon?

    Answer: Inversion

  9. Halogenoalkanes react fastest by nucleophilic substitution when the leaving group is…?

    Answer: Iodide

  10. In HX addition to an alkene, H joins the carbon already bearing more H atoms: this is…?

    Answer: Markovnikov's rule

  11. Major product of propene with HBr?

    Answer: 2-bromopropane

  12. Electrophile in the nitration of benzene?

    Answer: NO₂⁺

  13. Mixture used to generate the electrophile for nitrating benzene?

    Answer: Conc. HNO₃ and H₂SO₄

  14. Type of reaction between benzene and the nitronium ion?

    Answer: Electrophilic substitution

  15. Benzene favours substitution over addition because addition would disrupt its…?

    Answer: Delocalised π electrons

Play it as a class game

Play this set opens it in splycr, where you can host it for your class straight away. Hosting needs no account: put the room code on the projector, and students join from a phone with the code and their first name. Each question plays as multiple choice, and the three wrong options were written for that question.

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